- Synonyms
- GLF, L-dopachrome Isomerase, Phenylpyruvate Tautomerase
- Source
- Escherichia coli.
- Molecular Weight
- Approximately 13.5 kDa, a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 117 amino acids, with 6 × His at the C-terminus.
- AA Sequence
- MPMFIVNTNV PRASVPDGFL SELTQQLAQA TGKPPQYIAV HVVPDQLMAF GGSSEPCALC SLHSIGKIGG AQNRSYSKLL CGLLAERLRI SPDRVYINYY DMNAANVGWN NSTFALEHHH HHH
- Purity
- > 95 % by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.
- Biological Activity
- Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The specific activity is determined by binding rhCD74 in a functional ELISA.
- Physical Appearance
- Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
- Formulation
- Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4.
- Endotoxin
- Less than 1 EU/µg of rHuMIF, His as determined by LAL method.
- Reconstitution
- We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1 % BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20 °C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.
- Stability & Storage
- Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- Usage
- This material is offered by Shanghai PrimeGene Bio-Tech for research, laboratory or further evaluation purposes. NOT FOR HUMAN USE.
- SDS-PAGE
- Reference
- 1. Edwards KM, Tomfohr LM, Mills PJ, et al. 2011. Sleep, 34: 161-3.
2. Delaloye J, De Bruin IJ, Darling KE, et al. 2012. Cytokine,
3. Leu RW, Woodson PD, Whitley SB. 1977. J Reticuloendothel Soc, 22: 329-40.
4. Landolfo S. 1977. G Batteriol Virol Immunol, 70: 137-43.
5. Baugh JA, Chitnis S, Donnelly SC, et al. 2002. Genes Immun, 3: 170-6.
- Background
- Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is a secreted protein without a cleavable signal sequence and is secreted via a specialized, non-classical pathway. It is secreted by macrophages upon stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or by M.tuberculosis antigens. MIF consists of two α-helices and six β-strands, four of which form a β-sheet. The two remaining β-strands interact with other MIF molecules, creating a trimer. Structure-function studies suggest MIF is bifunctional with segregated topology. The N- and C-termini mediate enzyme activity (in theory). Phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity (enol-to-keto) has been demonstrated and is dependent upon Pro at position 1. Amino acids 50-65(a.a.) have also been suggested to contain thiol-protein oxidoreductase activity. MIF has proinflammatory cytokine activity centered around (a.a.) 49 - 65. On fibroblasts, MIF induces, IL-1, IL-8 and MMP expression; on macrophages, MIF stimulates NO production and TNF-α release folllowing IFN-γ activation. MIF apparently acts through CD74 and CD44, likely in some form of trimeric interaction. Human MIF is active on mouse cells. Human MIF is 90%, 94%, 95%, and 90% aa identical to mouse, bovine, porcine and rat MIF, respectively.