- Synonyms
- AR, AREG, Colorectum Cell-derived Growth Factor, CRDGF
- Source
- Escherichia coli.
- Molecular Weight
- Approximately 11.3 kDa, a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 98 amino acid residues.
- AA Sequence
- SVRVEQVVKP PQNKTESENT SDKPKRKKKG GKNGKNRRNR KKKNPCNAEF QNFCIHGECK YIEHLEAVTC KCQQEYFGER CGEKSMKTHS MIDSSLSK
- Purity
- > 95 % by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.
- Biological Activity
- Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine Balb/c 3T3 cells is between 5-10 ng/ml.
- Physical Appearance
- Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
- Formulation
- Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4.
- Endotoxin
- Less than 1 EU/μg of rHuAmphiregulin as determined by LAL method.
- Reconstitution
- We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1 % BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. Stock solutions should be apportioned into working aliquots and stored at ≤ -20 °C. Further dilutions should be made in appropriate buffered solutions.
- Stability & Storage
- Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- Usage
- This material is offered by Shanghai PrimeGene Bio-Tech for research, laboratory or further evaluation purposes. NOT FOR HUMAN USE.
- SDS-PAGE
- Reference
- 1. Giusti C, Desruisseau S, Ma L, et al. 2003. Int J Cancer, 105: 769-78.
2. Solic NandDavies DE. 1997. Exp Cell Res, 234: 465-76.
3. Michalopoulos GKandKhan Z. 2005. Gastroenterology, 128: 503-6.
4. Eckstein N, Servan K, Girard L, et al. 2008. J Biol Chem, 283: 739-50.
5. Higginbotham JN, Demory Beckler M, Gephart JD, et al. 2011. Curr Biol, 21: 779-86.
- Background
- Amphiregulin is an EGF related growth factor and was originally isolated from the conditioned media of a PMA-treated MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line. It is mainly expressed numerous carcinoma cell lines and the epithelial cells of various human tissues including colon, stomach, breast, ovary, kidney, etc. Synthesized as a transmembrane protein, Amphiregulin’s extracellular domain is proteolytically processed to release the mature protein. There are 6 conserved cysteine residues, which form 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds essential for biological activity. Amphiregulin signals through the EGF/TGF-a receptor, and stimulates growth of keratinocytes, epithelial cells and some fibroblasts. It also inhibits the growth of certain carcinoma cell lines. Mutations in this encoded protein are associated with a psoriasis-like skin phenotype.